Electric heater



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lnvsu'roa J. R.H.Co1dwe(l Afnrs Patented Mar. 4, 1924.

JOHN BD BSON HABDDIG COLDWELL, OF WINNIPEG, MANITOBA, CANADA.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

Application led March 23, 1922. Serial No. 546,154.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN RoBsoN HARD- ING CoLnwELL, of the lcity of Winnipeg, in

the Province of Manitoba, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, of which the following is the specification.

The invention relates to improvements in electric heaters, partioularl electrical water heaters, and as utilized to eat the water of the water cooling system of internal combustion engines and an object of the invention is to provide an electrical heating attachment readily insertable in the water cooling system and which when connected with a suitable source of electromotive force will heat the water sufficiently to establish circulation and prevent the Water from freezing or congealing.

A further object of the invention is to construct the attachment in a manner such that the heating element will in noy way obstruct the free passage of the water in the water circulating system.

A still further object of the invention is to provide as part of the device a heating well or offset and a lixed element receiving container extendin into the offset and havilgthe exterior en provided with demounta in place, such arrangement of parts permitting of the easy and quick removal of the element for inspection or repair purposes and without disturbing the casing.

A further object is to provide an element which under normal circumstances will not burn out or overheat should the same be forgotten and' left in circuit.

With the above more important objects in view the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter more particularly described and later pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side view of the device attached to an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed longitudinal sectional view centrally through the heater detached and with the element shown in side elevation.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view at 3--3 Figure 2.

e means for retaining the inserted element Fig. 4 is a perspective View of thev heater with, the element removed.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the element.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the element.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detailed .horizontal sectional view centrally through the element.

In the drawing like characters of refer- 00 ence lndicate corresponding parts in the sevn eral figures.

The automobile engine 1 is provided with the customary radiator 2 which is connected by means of the outlet water pipe 3 to the 66 water jacket of the engine cylinders and is rovided at the lower end with the usual outet pipe 4, which latter pipe is connected through a short hose connectlon 5, my heater 6 and a second hose connection 7 with the 70 water inlet pipe 8 of the engine.

All the above parts with the exception of my heater are of ordinary construction and are not herein further described.

The heater which I provide comprises a tubular casing 9 having an offset chamber or well 1() centrally and on the underside thereof, an element container 11 extending into the well and permanently attached thereto,

a heating element 12 and a suitable demountsa able cap 13 retaining the element within the container.

The casing has the ends thereof provided with circumscribing ribs 14 and 15 which form end stops for the applied hose connections 5 and 7. The offset or well is of the same width as the casing and it is formed preferably With a semi-circular bottom. The container 11 is in the form of a tube v having the inner end closed and the outer 9o end passino through the end of the Well and permanently attached thereto and with the projecting end screw threaded as indicated at 17 to receive the demountable cap 13.

The bottom of the well and the container are concentric, t-he container being of a smaller diameter to reserve a Water passage completely around the inserted container. The element 12 is constructedof such a diameter and length that it just ts snugly 10c Within the container and although .made of a number of parts it slides in and out as a unit. The cap 13 vobviously retains l thev inserted element in place and allows of the easy removal of the same for repair or inspection purposes.

in respect to the former.

The element comprises a hollow tubular porcelain body piece 18 of predetermined length around which a heating nichrome wire 19 is coiled, the ends of the coil being indicated at 2O and 21. Clay or other similar material 18 is baked around the applied coil and the ends of the wire are positively separated by a mica sheet 22 inserted within the open centre of the porcelain and between the ends of the wire. A cylindrical insuiator 23 is located at one end of the porce- .iain, a mica disc 24- being inserted between said parts and the insulator carries a pair o2 terminal screws 25 and 26 fitted with pairs of lock nuts 27 and 28. The ends of the nichrome wire are extended through suitable holes provided in the insulator 23 and are fastened to the terminal screws by the lock nuts.

A second insulator 29 is placed next the insulator 23, provision being made for preventing the latter insulator from turning This is accomplished in the present instance by providing the insulator 29 With a cross slot 30 and the insulator 23 with a tongue 31 entering the slot.

The insulator` 29 is provided with two internal passages 32 land 33 axially aligned with the terminal screws and the terminal screws receive screw threaded sleeves 34 and 35 contained within the passages and fitted with jam screws 36 and 37, the jam screws being utilized to tasten the inserted ends of the feed wires 3S and 39. rEhe ends of the feed wires are passed through a suitable insulatin ferrule 40 carried by the cap 13. The' eed wires are of a predetermined length and their free ends are connected to a contact plug 41.

When the device is to be used it is ,only necessary to connect the contact plug with the customary receiving socket such as a lamp or wall socket and the element will then heat the water of the circulating system and prevent. the same from congealing or freezing.

When not in use the feed wires are simply coiled and conveniently stored adjoining the engine or exterior of the hood as desired.

I am aware that there are heaters ot' a similar nature in use but I Wish it to be particularly noted that with my construction it is absolutely unnecessary to destroy any part of the heater in order to inspect the same as the container 11 is permanently7 attached to the well or offset and the element inserted within the container. One can Very easily and quickly remove the element by unscrewing the cap and in doing this does not disturb the container in any Way so that a water tight joint is at all times assured.

The element itself is of such a nature that it can be quickly inspected and should it so happen thatv the heating coil is destroyed it is a very easy matter to remove the porcelain and coil as a unit and replace it by a new porcelain and coil and at small expense. The rest of the heater remains intact.

I mention these features as in other heaters which l have seen one disturbs parts which cause leakage of water when removing the element and in others the element as well as the element container is totally destroyed it it be removed for repairs.

YWhat l claim as my invention is:

l. ln an electrical heater for an automobile, the combination with a tubular water casing having an oit'set well formed at one side thereof, the well presenting bottom and end walls, of a tubular container extending into and lengthwise of the well and permanently carried by one of the end walls of the well and having the inner end thereof closed and the other end extending beyond the end wall and screw threaded, an electrical heating element slidably mounted within the c ontainer and a screw cap screw threaded on to the protruding end of the container'and demountably retaining the element Within the container.

2. The combination with a conduit provided with a relatively shallow and longitudinally extending oset affording a heater chamber colmnunicating with the interior oi the conduit, of lan electric heating element extending longitudinally within the chamber and positioned close to the point of communication between the chamber and conduit.

3. The combination with a conduit provided with a long and narrow offset afford-v 'ing a longitudinally extending chamber communicating with the interior of the conduit and comprising a bottom wall and side and end walls extending between the bottom wall and conduit in right angular relation with the latter, of an elongated heating element disposed to extend longitudinally Within the casing and positioned parallel with and close to the plane containing the opening establishing communication between the chamber and conduit.

4. The combination with a conduit provided with an offset affording a well in communication with the interior of the conduit,

of a tubular container Within the casing having one end closed and the remaining end open and projecting outwardly of the wall through an opening therein, an electric heating element positioned Within the casing and a closure cap threaded onto the projecting end of the container to confine the heating element therein.

5. An electric heater comprising an insulating body formed of outer and intermediate sections, a heating coil wound around one of the outer sections, terminal posts car- Leeee ried by the intermediate section and con neeted with the ends of said coil and sockets Carried by the terminal post arranged te be substantially concealed within the remaining outer section.,

6. An electric heater comprising, an insulating body 'formed with outer and intermediate sections, a heating eoilA Wound around one of said outer sections7 termina posts carried by the intermediate Section and connected With the ends of said coil and sockets threadedly engaged with said post, the remaining outer section of the body being formed with passages accommodating the sockets and portions of the terminal posts 15 thereinn The combination with a heater as re cited in claim 6, of a 'threaded cap applied to the outer end of the last mentioned Seetion and provided with a eentra opening communicating with the passages in said section.

Signed at Tinnipeg, this 9th day of January, 1922.

JOHN RBSON HRDNG COLDWELL. In the presence 03?- GEnALn S. ROXBURGXL M E. KELLEHER. 

